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壳效应对238U+238U反应动力学过程的影响

The influence of shell effect on multinucleon transfer reaction 238U+238U

  • 摘要: 本工作采用改进的量子分子动力学(ImQMD)模型及其结合微观位能曲面(ImQMD+MicPES)方法,模拟了每核子7.35\;\mathrmMeV入射能量下的^238\mathrmU + ^238\mathrmU多核子转移反应。与ImQMD模型计算结果相比,在考虑二维集体运动坐标(即体系拉长坐标Q_20^和质量不对称度坐标Q_30^)微观位能曲面时,质量数从190到230的次级产物生成截面整体减小。当采用三维集体运动坐标(即体系拉长坐标Q_20^、质量不对称度坐标Q_30^和颈部坐标Q_40^)微观位能曲面时,质量数小于200的次级产物生成截面会进一步减小,但是质量数大于200的次级反应产物生成截面会增强,整体更好再现了实验探测的质量分布。计算结果显示,在^238\mathrmU + ^238\mathrmU反应过程中,在考虑壳效应时颈部自由度是不可忽视的,而且壳效应对多核子转移过程及反应产物角分布都会产生明显影响。

     

    Abstract: The improved quantum molecular dynamics (ImQMD) model and ImQMD model incorporated with the microscopic potential energy surface (ImQMD+MicPES) are employed to simulate the multinucleon transfer reaction of ^238\mathrmU + ^238\mathrmU at the incident energy of 7.35\;\mathrmMeV per nucleon. Compared with the calculations using ImQMD model, the production cross sections for secondary products with mass numbers ranging from 190 to 230 are overall reduced with considering the microscopic potential energy surface of two-dimensional collective coordinates (i.e., the elongation coordinate Q_20^ and the mass asymmetry coordinate Q_30^ ). However, with the microscopic potential energy surface with three-dimensional collective coordinates (i.e., the elongation coordinate Q_20^ , the mass asymmetry coordinate Q_30^ , and the neck coordinate Q_40^ ), the production cross sections for secondary products with mass numbers below 200 are further decreased, while those for mass numbers above 200 are enhanced, resulting in an overall better reproduction of the experimentally measured mass distribution. The calculated results indicate that the neck degree of freedom play an important role in the consideration of shell effects in the ^238\mathrmU + ^238\mathrmU reaction, and shell effects significantly influence both the multinucleon transfer process and the angular distribution of reaction products.

     

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