高级检索

18O+238U反应产生丰中子类弹碎片的动力学研究

Dynamical Study of Neutron-rich Projectile-like Fragments Produced in the 18O+238U Reaction

  • 摘要: 采用改进的量子分子动力学模型(ImQMD)结合 GEMINI++ 统计衰变模型,研究了入射能量为 8.5 MeV/u的 ^18\rmO+^238\rmU系的深度非弹性碰撞(DIC)过程。基于反应产物总动能-质量分布特征,证实类弹产物主要源于DIC机制。本文重点计算了碳(C)、氧(O)、氟(F)等典型类弹产物同位素的微分截面、出射角度及弹靶接触时间等关键动力学参量。计算表明,丰中子类弹碎片微分截面在前角区呈现显著峰结构,在接近0°的出射角处达到极大值。进一步研究表明,类弹产物的中子-质子比(N/Z )与动力学行为存在明确关联:随N/Z 增大,弹靶接触时间延长而出射角减小。该现象可归因于弹靶碰撞形成的颈状双核系统绕质心持续转动(持续时间>200 fm/c,转角约为90°),其间伴随显著的核子转移过程。值得注意的是,由靶核238U向炮弹18O转移的1p+2n、1p+3n及1p+4n反应道均具有正Q值(分别为4.212、3.492和5.805 MeV),从而有效提升了这些转移道的概率,导致21-23F同位素微分截面显著增强。计算结果与现有实验数据符合良好,既验证了ImQMD+GEMINI++模型对该类反应的适用性,也清晰揭示了其微观动力学机制,为新一代零度谱仪开展低能核物理实验及高效获取奇异核次级束流提供了重要理论依据。

     

    Abstract: The deep inelastic collision (DIC) process in the ^18\rmO + ^238\rmU system at an incident energy of 8.5 MeV/u has been investigated by combining the improved quantum molecular dynamics (ImQMD) model with the GEMINI++ statistical decay model. Analysis of the total kinetic energy versus the mass distribution of the reaction products confirms that projectile-like fragments are produced predominantly via the DIC mechanism. In this study, key dynamical observables—including differential cross sections, emission angles, and projectile-target contact times—have been extracted for selected projectile-like isotopes such as carbon (C), oxygen (O), and fluorine (F). The simulations reveal that the differential cross sections of neutron-rich projectile-like fragments peak sharply in the forward angular region, reaching a maximum near 0°. Furthermore, a systematic trend is observed: as the neutron-to-proton (N/Z ) ratio of the projectile-like products increases, the projectile-target contact time becomes longer, while the average emission angle shifts toward smaller values. This behavior originates from the prolonged rotational motion (exceeding 200 fm/c, spanning approximately 90°) of the neck-shaped dinuclear system formed during the collision, which facilitates extensive nucleon exchange. Notably, several multi-nucleon transfer channels—specifically, the transfer of 1p+2n, 1p+3n, and 1p+4n from the ^238\rmU target to the ^18\rmO projectile—are characterized by positive Q-values (4.212, 3.492, and 5.805 MeV, respectively). These exothermic processes significantly enhance the production probabilities, leading to increased differential cross sections for the ^21-23\rmF isotopes. The simulation results agree satisfactorily with available experimental data, validating the reliability of the combined ImQMD+GEMINI++ approach for describing such heavy-ion collision dynamics. Our findings elucidate the underlying microscopic dynamics of DIC and provide useful theoretical insights for future low-energy nuclear physics experiments, particularly those employing next-generation zero-degree spectrometers designed for the efficient production of secondary beams of exotic nuclei.

     

/

返回文章
返回