Abstract:
The deep inelastic collision (DIC) process in the ^18\rmO + ^238\rmU system at an incident energy of 8.5 MeV/u has been investigated by combining the improved quantum molecular dynamics (ImQMD) model with the GEMINI++ statistical decay model. Analysis of the total kinetic energy versus the mass distribution of the reaction products confirms that projectile-like fragments are produced predominantly via the DIC mechanism. In this study, key dynamical observables—including differential cross sections, emission angles, and projectile-target contact times—have been extracted for selected projectile-like isotopes such as carbon (C), oxygen (O), and fluorine (F). The simulations reveal that the differential cross sections of neutron-rich projectile-like fragments peak sharply in the forward angular region, reaching a maximum near 0°. Furthermore, a systematic trend is observed: as the neutron-to-proton (N/Z ) ratio of the projectile-like products increases, the projectile-target contact time becomes longer, while the average emission angle shifts toward smaller values. This behavior originates from the prolonged rotational motion (exceeding 200 fm/c, spanning approximately 90°) of the neck-shaped dinuclear system formed during the collision, which facilitates extensive nucleon exchange. Notably, several multi-nucleon transfer channels—specifically, the transfer of 1p+2n, 1p+3n, and 1p+4n from the ^238\rmU target to the ^18\rmO projectile—are characterized by positive
Q-values (4.212, 3.492, and 5.805 MeV, respectively). These exothermic processes significantly enhance the production probabilities, leading to increased differential cross sections for the ^21-23\rmF isotopes. The simulation results agree satisfactorily with available experimental data, validating the reliability of the combined ImQMD+GEMINI++ approach for describing such heavy-ion collision dynamics. Our findings elucidate the underlying microscopic dynamics of DIC and provide useful theoretical insights for future low-energy nuclear physics experiments, particularly those employing next-generation zero-degree spectrometers designed for the efficient production of secondary beams of exotic nuclei.