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基于差分进化算法的0.3 MV加速器质谱仪自动调束研究

Research on Automatic Beam Tuning of 0.3 MV Accelerator Mass Spectrometer Based on Differential Evolution Algorithm

  • 摘要: 针对0.3 MV紧凑型加速器质谱仪(Accelerator Mass Spectrometer, AMS)调束任务复杂度高、人工调整耗时且难以达到最优状态的难题,提出了一种融合实验物理与工业控制系统(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System, EPICS)与差分进化(Differential Evolution, DE)算法的自动调束创新方法。基于Python开发了智能优化算法核心模块,通过PyEpics接口实现与EPICS控制框架的高效数据交互,构建了一套完整的自动化调束系统。通过自动调节电源电压和电流大小,间接调控AMS的关键参数,如磁场强度、电极电压和束流强度等。在保障设备安全约束的前提下,DE算法通过动态调整种群参数引导空间搜索,结合束流强度大小的实时反馈来构建目标函数。实验表明,该方法将平均收敛时间从人工调束的2.5 h缩短至30 min,优化成功率由传统方法的60%提升至90%以上。最优束流强度达到理论最大值的95%并维持稳定,大幅缩短了调束周期,显著提升了加速器运行的稳定性和效率,具有工业应用价值。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the complex beam commissioning task of a 0.3 MV compact accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS), which is time-consuming and hard to optimize manually, a novel auto-tuning method combining the experimental physics and industrial control system (EPICS) and the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is proposed. An intelligent optimization algorithm core module is developed in Python and connected to the EPICS control framework via PyEpics for efficient data interaction, forming a complete automatic beam commissioning system. The system automatically tunes the power supply voltage and current, thereby adjusting the key parameters such as magnetic field strength, electrode voltage, and beam current. The DE algorithm dynamically adjusts population parameters for space search guided by real-time beam current feedback under equipment safety constraints. Experiments show that this method reduces the average convergence time from 2.5 h (manual tuning) to 30 min, increases the optimization success rate from 60% (traditional methods) to over 90%, and stabilizes the optimal beam current at 95% of the theoretical maximum. This approach significantly shortens the tuning time and enhances the stability and efficiency of the accelerator, offering substantial industrial value.

     

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